Application of the sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio in the Prediction and Management of Preeclampsia: Case Report in a High-Risk Pregnant Woman

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Its diagnosis is based on clinical and paraclinical criteria, although in high-risk patients it can be difficult to identify at early stages. Angiogenic biomarkers, such as the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, have emerged as highly useful complementary tools. We present the case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who during the course of her pregnancy developed elevated blood pressure values and an increased sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, which guided the diagnosis of preeclampsia without severe features. Serial monitoring of biomarkers allowed close follow-up of disease progression and anticipation of its transition to severe preeclampsia, which prompted termination of pregnancy by cesarean section with favorable neonatal outcomes. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio is a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool in preeclampsia, especially in high-risk pregnancies. Its rational use, complemented with clinical assessment and ultrasound, optimizes decision-making and improves maternal and fetal outcomes.